What Does an IT Professional Do?

Information technology (IT) is a loaded term. For this reason, there’s ambiguity over what an IT professional does. Since IT encompasses many aspects of the world of computers and more, we’re here to share the ins and outs of the types of jobs and duties one can possess within the field.

By better understanding the field and what an IT professional does, you may discover a career path that excites you.

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What Is Information Technology?

No, we are not talking about a horror movie clown. IT stands for information technology. At its core, it is all about how businesses can apply technology to solve and optimize organizational issues at scale. IT professionals work within teams and play a big role within organizations of all sizes.

We can break down the main tenets of what IT professionals cover into three main categories:

• IT operations: These are the day-to-day activities of IT professionals, which includes security testing, device management, and tech support, to name a few.
• IT governance: These are the processes that an organization upholds to ensure that systems are operating effectively and according to regulations.

• Infrastructure: Infrastructure refers to the hardware and physical devices that support IT. For example, it can be a laptop, desktop, phone system, and server.

What is an IT Professional?

IT professionals are the people who build, test, install, repair, and maintain hardware and software within organizations. Some organizations will have an in-house IT team, whereas smaller-scale businesses may hire freelance IT professionals for specific tasks.

IT professionals usually have a background in computer science or information technology. Because of the changing and evolving nature of technology and systems, IT professionals benefit from continuous education and completing certification programs.

What Does an IT Professional Do?

As mentioned, IT can be broken down into its three main categories: governance, infrastructure, and operations. As such, the duties of IT professionals fulfill the needs of each.

The main roles sit under these umbrellas:

• Network systems administration and support: These IT professionals are responsible for updating computer network systems and troubleshooting any issues users may have.
• Programming and software development: Programmers and web developers write code to create websites, applications, and software.

How Does One Get a Job in IT?

There are various paths that one can take to land a role in IT.

Without any education, it’s possible to work in entry-level customer support positions to learn the ropes through on-the-job training. To go a step further, you can enroll in online certification programs to obtain technical knowledge. This is an especially good route to take if you know the position you wish to land.

For high-level positions and the greatest opportunity, you’ll want to earn a degree. By studying computer science, you can hone both hard and soft skills to excel in the world of IT.

Typical IT Professional Job Titles and Expected Salaries

IT is a wide-ranging field with many career paths to explore. Whether you’re interested in solving technical problems, analyzing data, or defending against cyber threats, there’s a role that fits your strengths and interests. Here’s a look at five common IT job titles, what they involve, and how much professionals in these roles typically earn in the U.S.

Database Administrators

Median Salary: $101,510 per year

Database administrators (DBAs) are responsible for storing, organizing, and protecting data. They ensure that databases run efficiently and that sensitive information—like customer records or financial data—is secure and accessible only to authorized users. DBAs may also back up data, troubleshoot issues, and optimize database performance to meet the needs of the business.

Network and Computer Systems Administrator

Median Salary: $95,360 per year

These professionals keep an organization’s IT infrastructure running smoothly. They install and maintain servers, networks, and internal systems. A big part of the job involves monitoring system performance, managing user permissions, and ensuring cybersecurity protocols are in place. It’s a critical role in any organization that relies on stable and secure computer systems.

Computer Systems Analyst

Median Salary: $103,800 per year

Computer systems analysts study an organization’s current technology setup and look for ways to improve it. This might involve designing new systems, integrating software, or streamlining IT workflows. They often work closely with both technical teams and non-technical stakeholders to ensure that systems meet business needs. It’s a great fit for analytical thinkers who enjoy problem-solving.

Computer Support Specialist

Median Salary: $60,810 per year

Computer support specialists are often the first point of contact when users experience technical issues. In this role, you might install software, help with connectivity problems, or guide users through troubleshooting steps. Some support specialists work in-house for a company, while others provide assistance remotely. It’s one of the most accessible roles in IT and a great entry point for beginners.

Information Security Analyst

Median Salary: $120,360 per year

As cybersecurity becomes increasingly important, information security analysts are in high demand. Their job is to protect computer systems and networks from cyber threats. They monitor systems for breaches, conduct penetration testing, and implement security policies to safeguard data. This role is ideal for those with a strong interest in digital security and risk management.

What Skills Do You Need to Work as an IT Professional?

Is becoming an IT professional right for you? While only you know the true answer to this question, it can help to better understand what skills bode well for these jobs.

Since you’ll generally be working with people and in teams, strong communication is a no-brainer. Even if you can articulate your thoughts well, you’ll need to understand that you’ll often be dealing with people who are frustrated and know less about the technicalities behind the issue than you do. For this reason, you’ll have to maintain patience, and understanding, and express empathy while resolving issues.

Additionally, the complexities of IT make it hard for executives and key decision-makers to know what path to take. These solutions generally require big investments, so if you’re able to break down a big-picture issue into the small steps it will take to resolve, you can greatly help organizations run more smoothly.

As with any career, genuine interest and passion for the subject will take you to the top of the field!

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Studying Computer Science

If you’re aiming for a career in IT, a degree in computer science offers a solid foundation in both theory and practical skills. You’ll explore key areas like programming, data structures, networks, cybersecurity, and software development—preparing you for a wide range of tech roles.

At University of the People, you can earn your computer science degree online, tuition-free, and on your own schedule. The program is designed to give you the technical knowledge and hands-on experience needed to succeed in today’s digital workplace—whether you’re just starting out or looking to advance your career.

The Bottom Line

An IT professional can choose from a variety of positions within the field. In any position, they will be helping organizations and individuals function at optimal levels by leveraging technology and systems.

To get started learning about IT, consider earning a certificate, applying for an entry-level job, or earning your degree in computer science.

FAQS

What does an IT professional actually do?

They maintain hardware, support users, develop software, and ensure systems and data are secure. The exact role depends on the job title.

Do I need a degree to work in IT?

Not always. Some roles, like tech support or junior web development, allow you to start with certifications or self-taught skills. A degree helps with career growth.

What are common entry-level IT jobs?

Computer support specialists, help desk technicians, junior developers, and IT assistants are common starting points for new professionals.

Is IT a good career path?

Yes. IT roles offer strong job growth, competitive salaries, and opportunities across industries—from healthcare to finance to government.

What degree should I study for an IT career?

A bachelor’s in computer science, information technology, or a related field is common. Some also start with associate degrees or industry certifications.